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The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques and Discoveries

R >> Richard Hakluyt >> The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques and Discoveries




2. Of another Isle of Ireland, where men are not mortall.

3. Of all the earth and trees of Ireland, being of force to resist all
poisons, and to kill serpents, and other venimous things, in any countrey
whatsoeuer, by the only vertue and presence thereof yea euen without
touching.

4. Of a third Isle of Ireland, that the one halfe thereof became an
habitation of deuils, but that the sayd deuils haue no iurisdiction ouer
the other halfe, by reason of a Church there built, although, as the whole
Isle is without inhabitants, so this part is continually destitute of a
Pastor, and of diuine seruice: and that it is so by nature.

5. Of a fourth Isle of Ireland floating vp and downe in an huge lake, the
grasse whereof is a most present remedy for all kinde of diseases, and that
the Iland, at certeine seasons, especially on Sundayes, commeth to the
banke of the lake, so that any man may then easily enter into it, as it
were into a shippe: which notwithstanding (sayth he) destiny will not
suffer any more then one to enter at a time. Furthermore he reporteth that
this Island euery seuenth yere groweth fast to the banke, so that you
cannot discerne it from firme land: but that into the place thereof there
succeedeth another, altogether like the former, in nature, quantitie, and
vertue: which, from what place it commeth, no man can tell: and that all
this happeneth with a kinde of thundering.

6. Of the hunters of Norway who are so expert to tame wood (for so he
speaketh very improperly, whereas vnto wood neither life nor taming can be
ascribed) that wooden pattens of eight elnes long being bound to the soles
of their feet do cary them with so great celeritie euen vpon hie
mountaines, that they cannot be outrun, either by the swiftnes of hounds
and deere, or yet by the flying of birds. And that they will kill nine roes
or more at one course & with one stroke of a dart.

These and such like, concerning Ireland, Norway, Island, Gronland. of the
miracles of water, and aire, this master of fragments hath gathered
together into his looking glasse: whereby, although he hath made his owne
followers woonder, and the common people to be astonished, yet hath he
ministred vnto vs nothing but occasion of laughter.

But let vs heare Frisius. The flame of mount Hecla (sayth he) will not
burne towe (which is most apt matter for the wicke of a candle) neither is
it quenched with water. But I say that this strange opinion may be
confirmed by many reasons borrowed out of your schoole of Philosophy. For
the natarall Philosophers doe teach, That it is common to all forcible
flames to be quenched with dry things, and nourished with moiste:
whereupon, euen blacksmithes, by sprinckling on of water, vse to quicken
and strengthen their fire. For (say they) when fire is more vehement, it is
stirred vp by colde, and nourished by moisture, both which qualities doe
concurre in water. Item, water is wont to kindle skorching fires: because
the moisture it selfe, which ariseth, doth proue more fattie and grosse,
neither is it consumed by the smoke enclosing it, but the fire it selfe
feedeth vpon the whole substance thereof, whereby being made purer, and
gathering round together, it becommeth then more vehement by reason of
colde. And therefore also wild-fires cannot be quenched with water. Item,
There be places abounding with brimstone and pitch, which burne of their
owne accord, the flame wherof cannot be quenched with water. The graund
Philosopher also hath affirmed, that fire is nourished by water. Arist 3.
de anim. And Plinie, in the second booke of his naturall historie cap. 110.
And Strabo in his 7. booke. In Nympheum there proceedeth a flame out of a
rocke, which is kindled with water. The same author sayth: The ashe
continually flourisheth, couering a burning fountaine. And moreouer that
there are sudden fires at some times, euen vpon waters, as namely that the
lake of Thrasumenus in the field of Perugi, was all on fire, as the same
Strabo witnesseth. And in the yeares 1226, and 1236, not farre from the
promontorie of Islande called Reykians, a flame of fire brake forth out of
the sea. Yea euen vpon mens bodies sudden fires haue glittered: as namely,
there sprang a flame from the head of Seruius Tullius lying a sleepe: and
also Lucius Martius in Spaine after the death of the Scipions, making an
oration to his souldiers, and exhorting them to reuenge, was all in a
flame, as Valerius Antias doth report. Plinie in like sort maketh mention
of a flame in a certaine mountaine, which, as it is kindled with water, so
is it quenched with earth or haye: also of another field which burneth not
the leaues of shadie trees that growe directly ouer it. These things being
thus, it is strange that men should accompt that a wonder in Hecla onely
(for I will graunt it to be, for disputation sake, when indeede there is no
such matter so farre foorth as euer I could learne of any man) which is
common to manie other parts or places in the world, both hilly and plaine,
as well as to this.

[Sidenote: Frisius.] And by the same force that bullets, &c. Munster saith
the like also. This mountaine when it rageth, it soundeth like dreadfull
thunder, casteth forth huge stones, disgorgeth brimstone and with the
cinders that are blowen abroad, it couereth so much ground round about it,
that no man can inhabite within 20. miles thereof, &c. Howbeit, they ought
to haue compared it with Aetna, or with other fierie mountaines, whereof I
will presently make mention, seeing there is to be found in them, not onely
a like accident, but in a manner the very same. Vnlesse perhaps this be the
difference, that flames brake seldomer out of Hecla, then out of other
mountaines of the same kinde. For it hath now rested these 34. yeares full
out, the last fierie breach being made in the yeare 1558. as we haue before
noted. And there can no such wonders be affirmed of our Hecla, but the same
or greater are to be ascribed vnto other burning mountaines, as it shall by
and by appeare.

But that brimstone should be sent foorth it is a meere fable, and neuer
knowen vnto our nation, by any experiment.

This place is the prison of vncleane soules. Here I am constrained to vse a
preface, and to craue pardon of the Reader, because, whereas in the
beginning I propounded vnto my selfe to treat of the land, and of the
inhabitants distinctly by themselues, I must of necessitie confusedly
handle certaine matters in this first part, which do properly belong vnto
the second. This is come to passe through the fault of these writers, who
haue confounded this part of the inhabitants religion concerning the
opinion of hell, or of the infernall prison, with the situation & miracles
of the island. Wherfore that we may come to this matter, who can but wonder
that wise men should be growen to this point, not onely to listen after,
but euen to follow and embrace the dotings of the rude people: For the
common sort of strangers, and the offskowring of mariners (here I do except
them of better iudgement aswell mariners as others) hearing of this rare
miracle of nature, by an inbred and naturall blockishnesse are earned to
this imagination of the prison of soules: and that because they see no wood
nor any such fewell layed vpon this fire as they haue in their owne
chimneys at home. And by this perswasion of the grosse multitude, the
report grew strong, especially (as they are too much accustomed to banning
and cursing) while one would wish to another the firie torments of this
mountaine. As though elementarie, materiall and visible fire could consume
mens soules being spirituall, bodiless and inuisible substances. And to be
short, who can but woonder, why they should not faine the same prison of
damned soules, aswell in mount Aetna, being no lesse famous for fires and
inflamations then this: But you will say, that Pope Gregorie fained it so
to be. Therefore it is purgatorie. I am content it should be so: then there
is the same trueth of this prison that there is of purgatorie. But before I
proceede any further I thinke it not amisse to tell a merie tale, which was
the originall and ground of this hellish opinion: namely that a ship of
certaine strangers departing from Island, vnder full saile, a most swift
pace, going diectly on her course, met with another ship sailing against
winde & weather, and the force of the tempest as swiftly as themselues, who
hailing them of whence they were, answere was giuen by their gouernor, De
Bischop van Bremen: being the second time asked whether they were bound: he
answered, Thom Heckelfeld tho, Thom Heckelfeld tho. I am affeard lest the
reader at the sight of these things should call for a bason: for it is such
an abominable lie, that it would make a man cast his gorge to heare it.
Away with it therefore to fenny frogs, for we esteeme no more of it, then
of their croaking coax coax. Nay, it is so palpable that it is not worthy
to be smiled at, much lesse to be refuted. But I will not trifle any longer
with the fond Papists: let vs rather come vnto our owne writers.

And first of all I cannot here omit a saying of that most worthie man
Doctor Caspar Peucer. There is in Islande (quoth he) mount Hecla, being of
as dreadfull a depth as any vaste gulfe, or as hell it selfe, which
resoundeth with lamentable, & miserable yellings, that the noise of the
cryers may be heard for the space of a great league round about. Great
swarmes of vgly blacke Rauens and Vultures lie hoouering about this place
which are thought of the inhabitantes to nestle there. The common people of
that countrey are verily perswaded, that there is a descent downe into hell
by this gulfe: and therefore when any battailes are foughten else where, in
whatsoeuer part of the whole world, or any bloudie slaughters are
committed, they haue learned by long experience, what horrible tumults and
out-cryes, what monstrous skritches are heard round about this mountaine.
Who durst be so bold (most learned Sir) to bring such an incredible report
to your eares: Neither hath Island any Vultures, but that second kinde of
Eagles, which Plinie noted by their white tayles, and called them Pygarsi:
neither are there any with vs, that can beare witnesse of the foresaid
spectacle: nor yet is it likely that Rauens and Eagles would nestle in that
place, when as they should rather be driuen from thence by fire and smoke,
being things most contrarie to their nature. And yet notwithstanding for
proofe of this matter, as also of a strange tumult heard within the hollow
of the mountaine, they allege the experience of the inhabitants, which
indeede testifieth all things to the contrarie. But whereabout should that
hole or windowe of the mountaine be, by the which we may heare outcries,
noyse and tumults done among them, who inhabite the most contrarie,
distant, and remote places of the earth from vs: Concerning which thing I
would aske the author of this fable many questions, if I might but come to
the knowledge of him: in the meane time I could wish that from hencefoorth
he would learne to tell troth, & not presume with so impudent a face to
enforme excellent Peucer, or others, of such vnknowen and incredible
matters.

But to returne to Munster, who endeuouring to search out the causes of the
great and strange fire of that famous hill Aetna, is it not monstrous that
the very same thing which he there maketh natural, he should here imagine
to be preternaturall, yea infernal? But why do I speake of Aetna? Let vs
rather consider what Munster in another place thinketh of the burning of
Hecla.

[Sidenote: Munsterus Cosmograph. vniuersalis lib. 1. cap. 7.] It is without
doubt (saith he) that some mountaines and fields burned in old time
throughout the whole world: and in this our age do burne. As for example:
mount Hecla in Island at certaine seasons casteth abroad great stones,
spitteth out brimstone, and disperseth ashes, for such a distance round
about, that the land cannot be inhabited within 20. miles thereof. But
where mountaines do continually burne we vnderstand that there is no
stopping of the passages, wherby they poure forth abundance of fire
sometime flaming, & sometime smoaking gas it were a streaming flood. But if
betweene times the fire encreaseth, all secret passages being shut vp, the
inner parts of the mountaine are notwithstanding enflamed. The fire in the
vpper part, for want of matter, somewhat abateth for the time. But when a
more vehement spirite (the same, or other passages being set open again)
doth with great violence breake prison, it casteth forth ashes, sand,
brimstone, pumistones, lumpes resembling iron, great stones, & much other
matter, not without the domage of the whole region adioyning. Thus farre
Munster. Where consider (good Reader) how he cutteth his throat with his
owne sword, consider (I say) that in this place there is the very same
opinion of the burning of Hecla, & the burning of Aetna, which
notwithstanding in his 4. booke is very diuerse, for there he is faine to
run to infernall causes. A certaine fierie mountaine of West India hath
farre more friendly censurers, & historiographers then our Hecla, who make
not an infernall gulfe therof. The History of which mountain (because it is
short & sweete) I will set downe, being written by Hieronimus Benzo an
Italian, in his history of the new world, lib. 2. These be the words.
"About 35. miles distant from Leon there is a mountaine which at a great
hole belcheth out such mightie balles of flames, that in the night they
shine farre and neare, aboue 100. miles. Some were of opinion that within
it was molten gold ministring continuall matter & nourishment for the fire.
Hereupon a certain Dominican Frier, determining to make trial of the
matter, caused a brasse kettle, & an iron chain to be made: afterward
ascending to the top of the hill with 4. other Spaniards, he letteth downe
the chaine & the kettle 140. elnes into the fornace: there, by extreme
heate of the fire, the kettle, & part of the chaine melted. The monke in a
rage ran back to Leon, & chid the smith, because he had made the chaine far
more slender then himselfe had commanded. The smith hammers out another of
more substance & strength then the former. The Monke returnes to the
mountains, and lets downe the chaine & the cauldron; but with the like
successe that he had before. Neither did the caldron only vanish & melt
away: but also, vpon the sudden there came out of the depth a flame of
fire, which had almost consumed the Frier, & his companions. Then they all
returned so astonished, that they had small list afterward to prosecute
that attempt, &c." What great difference is there betweene these two
censures? In a fiery hill of West India they search for gold: but in mount
Hecla of Island they seeke for hel. Howbeit they wil perhaps reiect this as
a thing too new, & altogether vnknowen to ancient writers. Why therefore
haue not writers imagined the same prison of soules to be in Chimæra an
hill in Lycia (which, by report, flameth continually day and night) that is
in mount Hecla of Island? Why haue they not imagined the same to be in the
mountaines of Ephesus, which being touched with a burning torch, are
reported to conceiue so much fire, that the very stones & sand lying in the
water are caused to burne, & from the which (a staffe being burnt vpon
them, & trailed after a man on the ground) there proceede whole riuers of
fire, as Plinie testifieth? Why not in Cophantrus a mountaine of Bactria,
alwayes burning in the night? Why not in the Isle of Hiera, flaming in the
midst of the sea? Why not in Aeolia in old time likewise burning for
certaine daies in the midst of the sea? Why not in the field of Babylon
burning in the day season? Why not in the fields of Aethiopia glittering
alwaies like stars in the night? Why not in the hill of Lipara opening with
a wide and bottomlesse gulfe (as Aristotle beareth record) whereunto it is
dangerous to approch in the night: from whence the sound of Cymbals and the
noyse of rattles, with vnwonted and vncouth laughters are heard? Why not in
the field of Naples, neare vnto Puteoli? Why not in the Pike of Teneriffa
before mentioned, like Aetna continually burning and casting vp stones into
the aier, as Munster himselfe witnesseth? Why not in that Aethiopian hill,
which Plinie affirmeth to burne more then all the former? And to conclude,
why not in the mountaine of Vesuuius, which (to the great damage of al the
countrey adioyning, & to the vtter destruction of Caius Plinius prying into
the causes of so strange a fire) vomiting out flames as high as the clouds,
filling the aire with great abundance of pumistones, and ashes, & with
palpable darknesse intercepting the light of the sunne from al the region
therabout? I wil speake, & yet speake no more then the truth: because in
deede they foresaw, that men would yeeld no credite to those things as
being too well knowen, though they should haue feined them to haue beene
the flames of hell: but they thought the burning of Hecla (the rumour
whereof came more slowly to their eares) to be fitter for the establishing
of this fond fable. But get ye packing, your fraud is found out: leaue off
for shame hereafter to perswade any simple man, that there is a hel in
mount Hecla. For nature hath taught both vs & others (maugre your opinion)
to acknowledge her operations in these fire workes, not the fury of hell.
But now let vs examine a few more such fables of the common people, which
haue so vnhappily misledd our historiographers & cosmographers.


SECTIO OCTAUA.

[Sidenote: Frisius Zieglerus, Olauus Magn.] Iuxta hos montes (tres
prædictos Heclam, &c.) sunt tres hiatus immanes, quorum altitudinem apud
montem Heclam potissimum, ne Lynceus quidem perspicere queat: Sed
apparent ipsum inspicientibus, homines primùm submersi, adhuc spiritum
exhalantes, qui amicis suis, vt ad propria redeant, hortantibus, magnis
suspirijs se ad montem Heclam proficisci debere respondent: Sicque subitò
euanescunt.

Ad confirmandum superius mendacium de Inferno terrestri ac visibili,
commentum hoc, non minus calumniosum (etsi facilè largiar, Frisium non tam
calumniandi, quàm noua & inaudita prædicandi animo ista scripsisse) quàm
falsum ac gerris Siculis longè vanius ac detestabilius, excogitarunt
homines ignaui, nec coelum ec infernum scientes. Quos scriptores isti, viri
alioqui præclarissimi & optimè de Repub. literaria meriti, nimium
præpropero iudicio secuti sunt.

Cæterum optandum esset, nullos tanto nouitatis studio Historias scribere,
vt non vereantur aniles quasuis nugas ijs inserere, atque ita aurum purum
coeno aspergere. Qui verò demum sunt homines illi submersi, in lacu
infernali natitantes, & nihilominus cum notis & amicis confabulantes? Anne
nobis veterem Orphea, cum sua Euridice, in Stygias relabente vndas,
colloquentem, & in his extremi orbis partibus, tanquam ad Tanaim Hebrúmque
niualem, cantus exercentem lyricos, rediuiuum dabitis? Certè, etsi nolint
alij futilem huiusmodi ineptiarum leuitatem ac mendacium agnoscere, agnouit
tamen rerum omnium haud negligens æstimator Cardanus, lib. 18. subtil.
cuius hæc sunt verba.

Est Hecla mons in Islandia, ardétque non aliter ac Ætna in Sicilia per
interualla, ideóque persuasione longa (vulgi) concepta, quòd ibi expientur
animaæ. Alij, ne vani sint, affingunt inania fabulæ, vt consona videantur.
Quæ sunt autem illa inania? Quòd spectra comminiscuntur, se ad montem
Heclam ire respondentia, ait idem. Et addit. Nec in Islandia solum, sed
vbique, licet rarò, talia contingunt: Subdítque de laruâ homicidâ
Historiam, quæ sic habet. Efferebatur, inquit, anno præterito, funus viri
plebeij Mediolani, orientali in porta iuxta templum maius foro venali, quòd
à caulium frequentia nomen caulis nostra lingua sonat. Occurrit mihi notus:
Peto, vt medicorum moris est, quo morbo excesserit? Respondet ille:
consuesse hunc virum hora noctis, tertia à labore redire domum: Vidit
lemurem nocte quadam insequentem: Quam cum effugere conaretur, ocyus citato
pede abibat: Sed à spectro captus atque in terram proiectus videbatur.
Exclamare nitebatur: Non poterat. Tandem, cum diu in terra cum larua
volutatus esset, inuentus à prætereuntibus quibusdam, semiuiuus domum
relatus, cum resipuisset, interrogatus, hæc quæ minus expectabantur,
retulit. Ob id animam despondens, cum nec ab amicis, nec medicis, nec
sacerdotibus persuaderi potuisset, inania esse hæc, octo inde diebus
perijt. Audiui postmodum & ab alijs, qui vicini essent illi, neminem ab
inimico vulneratum tam constanter de illo testatum, vt hic, quod à mortuo
fuisset in terram prouolutus. Cum quidam quærerent, quid ille postquam in
terram volutaretur ageret? Conatum, inquit, mortuum adhibitis gulæ manibus,
vt eum strangularet: Nec obstitisse quicquam, nisi quòd se ipsum tueretur
manibus. Cum alij dubitarent, ne fortè hæc à viuo passus esset,
interrogarentque in quo mortuum à viuo secernere potuisset? Caussam
reddidit satis probabilem, dicens se tanquam cottum attrectasse, nec pondus
habuisse, nisi vt premebatur. Et paulò post addit. Eadem verò ratione qua
in Islandia, in arenæ solitudinibus Ægypti & Æthiopiæ, Indiæque vbi Sol
ardet, eædem imagines, eadem spectra viatores ludificare solent. Hactenus
Cardanus. Inde tamen nemo concluseret, sicut de Islandia scriptores nostri
faciunt, in illis Ægypti and Æthiopiæ, Indiæque locis, carcerem existere
damnatorum.

Hæc ex Cardano adscribere libuit, vt etiam extraneorum testimonia pro
nobis, contra figmenta tanta afferamus. Conuincit autem præsens Cardani
locus hæc duo, scilicet: nec esse Islandiæ proprias spectrorum
apparitiones: (quod etiam omnes norunt, nisi eius rei ignorantiam nimis
affectent) nec illud mortuorum cum viuis, in hiatu Heclensi, colloquium,
nisi ementitis hominum fabulis, quauis ampulla vani oribus, niti, quibus
beluæ vulgares, ad confirmandam de animarum cruciatibus opinionem, vsæ
fuerant. Et quisquam est, qui illis scriptorum hiatibus, mortuorum
miraculis ad summum vsque refertis, adduci potest vt credat? Quisquam, qui
vanitatem tantam non cotemnat? Certè. Nam & hinc conuicia in gentem nostram
recte sumi aiunt: Nihil scilicet hac proiectius ac deterius esse vsquam,
quæ intra limites Orcum habeat. Scilicet hoc commodi nobis peperit
Historicorum ad res nouas diuulgandas auiditas. Verum illa è vulgi dementia
nata opinio, vt stulta ac inanis, & in opprobrium nostræ gentis conficta,
hactenus, vt spero, satis labefactata est. Quare iam perge Lector, vlterius
hanc de secretis infernalibus Philosophiam cognoscere.

The same in English.

THE EIGHT SECTION.

[Sidenote: Frisius. Zieglerus. Olaus magnus.] Neare vnto the mountaines
(the 3. fornamed Hecla &c.) there be three vaste holes, the depth
whereof, especially at mount Hecla, cannot be discerned by any man, be he
neuer so sharpe sighted: but there appeare to the beholders thereof
certaine men at that instant plunged in, & as yet drawing their breath,
who answere their friends (exhorting them with deepe sighs to returne
home) that they must depart to mount Hecla: and with that, they suddenly
vanish away.

To confirme the former lie, of an earthly & visible hell (albeit I will
easily grant that Frisius in writing these things did not entend to reproch
any, but only to blaze abroad new & incredible matters) certaine idle
companions knowing neither hell nor heauen haue inuented this fable, no
lesse reprochfull then false, and more vaine & detestable then Sicilian
scoffes. Which fellowes these writers (being otherwise men of excellent
parts, and to whom learning is much indebted) haue followed with an ouer
hastie iudgement.

But it were to be wished, that none would write Histories with so great a
desire of setting foorth nouelties & strange things, that they feare not,
in that regard to broch any fabulous & old-wiues toyes, & so to defile pure
gold with filthy mire. But I pray you, how might those drowned men be
swimming in the infernal lake, & yet for al that, parletng with their
acquaintance & friends? What? Will you coniure, & raise vp vnto vs from
death to life old, Orpheus conferring with his wife Euridice (drawen backe
againe down to the Stigian flood) & in these parts of the world, as it were
by the bankes of snowey Tanais, & Hebrus descanting vpon his harpe? But in
very deed although others will not acknowledge the falsbood, & vanity of
these trifles, yet Cardane being a diligent considerer of al things in his
18. booke de subtilitate, doth acknowledge & find them out. Whose words be
these. There is Hecla a mountaine in Island, which burneth like vnto Ætna
at certain seasons, & hereupon the comon people haue conceiued an opinion
this long time, that soules are there purged: some, least they should seeme
liars, heape vp more vanities to this fable, that it may appeare to be
probable, & agreeable to reason. But what be those vanities? namely, they
feine certaine ghosts answering them, that they are going to mount Hecla;
as the same Cardane saith. And further he addeth. Neither in Island only,
but euery where (albeit seldome) such things come to passe. And then he
tels this storie following of a man-killing spright. There was (saith he)
solemnized this last yeare the funerall of a comon citizen, in the gate
neare vnto the great Church, by that marketplace, which in regard of the
abundace of herbs, in our tong hath the name of the herbmarket. There meets
with me one of mine acquaintance: I (according to the custome of
Phisitians) presently aske of what disease the man died? he giueth me
answere that this man vsed to come home from his labour 3. houres within
night: one night among the rest he espied an hobgoblin pursuing him: which
to auoid, he ran away with al speed: but being caught by the spright, he
was throwne down vpon the ground. He would faine haue made a shout, & was
not able. At length (when the spright & he had struggled together vpon the
ground a good while) he was found by certain passengers, & carried home
halfe dead. And when he was come to himselfe againe, being asked what was
the matter, he vp and tolde this strange relation. Hereupon (being vtterly
daunted, & discouraged, when neither by his friends, nor by Phisitians, nor
by Priests, he could be perswaded, that these things were but his owne
conceits, & that there was no such matter) 8. daies after he died. I heard
also afterward of others which were his neighbors, that no man could more
constantly affirme himselfe to be wounded of his enemy, then this man did,
that he was cast vpon the ground by a ghost. And when some demanded what he
did, after he was tumbled on the earth? The dead man (quoth he) laying his
hands to my throat, went about to strangle me: neither was there any
remedy, but by defending my selfe with mine own hands. When others doubted
least he might suffer these things of a liuing man, they asked him how he
could discerne a dead man from a liuing? To this he rendered a very
probable reason, saying that he seemed in handling to be like Cottum, &
that he had no weight, but held him down by maine force. And presently
after he addeth. In like manner as in Island, so in the desert sands of
Ægypt, Æthiopia, and India, where the sunne is hot, the very same
apparitions, the same sprights are wont to delude wayfaring men. Thus much
Cardane. Yet from hence (I trow) no man will conclude as our writers of
Island do, that in the places of Ægypt, Æthiopia, and India, there is a
prison of damned soules.

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